DESCRIPTOR LIST FOR SAFFLOWER

The IBPGR now uses the following definitions in genetic resources documentation.

i) passport data (accession identifiers and information recorded by collectors);

ii) characterization (consists of recording those characters which are highly heritable, can be easily seen by the eye and are expressed in all environments);

iii) preliminary evaluation (consists of recording a limited number of additional traits thought desirable by a consensus of users of the particular crop).

The following internationally accepted norms for the scoring or coding of descriptor states should be followed as indicated below:

a) measurements are made in metric units;

b) many descriptors which are continuously variable are recorded on a 1-9 scale. The authors of this list have sometimes described only a selection of the states, e.g. 3, 5 and 7 for such descriptors. Where this has occurred the full range of codes is available for use by extension of the codes given or by interpolation between them - e.g. in 8. (Pest and disease susceptibility) 1 = extremely low susceptibility and 8 = high to extremely high susceptibility;

c) presence/absence of characters are scored as + (present) and 0 (absent);

d) for descriptors which are not generally uniform throughout the accession (e.g. mixed collection, genetic segregation) mean and standard deviation could be reported where the descriptor is continuous or mean and ‘x’ where the descriptor is discontinuous;

e) when the descriptor is inapplicable, ‘0’ is used as the descriptor value. E.g. if an accession does not form flowers, a 0 would be scored for the following descriptor.

Flower colour

1 White
2 Yellow
3 Red
4 Purple

f) blanks are used for information not yet available;

g) standard colour charts e.g. Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart, Methuen Handbook of Colour, Munsell Colour Charts for Plant Tissues are strongly recommended for all ungraded colour characters (the precise chart used should be specified in the NOTES descriptor, 11).

PASSPORT

1. ACCESSION DATA

1.1 ACCESSION NUMBER

This number serves as a unique identifier for accessions and is assigned by the curator when an accession is entered into his collection. Once assigned this number should never be reassigned to another accession in the collection. Even if an accession is lost, its assigned number is still not available for re-use. Letters should occur before the number to identify the genebank or national system (e.g. MG indicates an accession comes from the genebank at Bari. Italy, PI indicates an accession within the USA system).

1.2 DONOR NAME

Name of institution or individual responsible for donating the germplasm

1.3 DONOR IDENTIFICATION NUMBER

Number assigned to accession by the donor

1.4 OTHER NUMBERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ACCESSION (other numbers can be added as 1.4.3 etc.)

Any other identification number known to exist in other collections for this accession, e.g. USDA Plant Introduction number (not collection number, see 2.1)

1.4.1 Other number 1
1.4.2 Other number 2

1.5.1 Genus
1.5.2 Species
1.5.3 Subspecies
1.5.4 Botanical variety

Nomenclature and designations assigned to breeder’s material

1.7 ACQUISITION DATE

The month and year in which the accession entered the collection, expressed numerically, e.g. June = 06, 1981 = 81

1.7.1 Month
1.7.2 Year

The month and year expressed numerically, e.g. October = 10, 1978 = 78

1.8.1 Month
1.8.2 Year

Approximate number of seeds of accession in collection

1.10 NUMBER OF TIMES ACCESSION REGENERATED

Number of regenerations or multiplications since original collection

2. COLLECTION DATA

2.1 COLLECTOR’S NUMBER

Original number assigned by collector of the sample normally composed of the name or initials of the collector(s) followed by a number. This item is essential for identifying duplicates held in different collections and should always accompany subsamples wherever they are sent.

2.2 COLLECTING INSTITUTE

Institute or person collecting/sponsoring the original sample

2.3 DATE OF COLLECTION OF ORIGINAL SAMPLE

Expressed numerically, e.g. March = 03, 1980 = 80

2.3.1 Month
2.3.2 Year

Use the three letter abbreviations supported by the Statistical Office of the United Nations. Copies of these abbreviations are available from the IBPGR Secretariat and have been published in the FAO/IBPGR Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter number 49.

2.5 PROVINCE/STATE

Name of the administrative subdivision of the country in which the sample was collected

2.6 LOCATION OF COLLECTION SITE

Number of kilometres and direction from nearest town, village or map grid reference (e.g. TIMBUKTU7S means 7 km South of Timbuktu)

2.7 LATITUDE OF COLLECTION SITE

Degrees and minutes followed by N (north) or S (south), e.g. 1030S

2.8 LONGITUDE OF COLLECTION SITE

Degrees and minutes followed by E (east) or W (west), e.g. 7625W

2.9 ALTITUDE OF COLLECTION SITE

Elevation above sea level in metres

2.10 COLLECTION SOURCE

1 Wild
2 Farm land
3 Farm store
4 Backyard
5 Village market
6 Commercial market
7 Institute
8 Other (specify in the NOTES descriptor, 11)

1 Wild
2 Weedy
3 Breeders line
4 Primitive cultivar (landrace)
5 Advanced cultivar (bred)
6 Other (specify in the NOTES descriptor, 11)

Name given by farmer to cultivar/landrace/weed

2.13 NUMBER OF PLANTS SAMPLED

Approximate number of plants collected in the field to produce this accession

2.14 PHOTOGRAPH

Was a photograph taken of the accession or environment at collection?

0 = No
+ = Yes

2.14.1 Photograph Number

If photo has been taken provide any identification number/system

Collectors will record ecological information. For cultivated crops, cultivation practices such as irrigation, season of sowing, etc. will be recorded.

CHARACTERIZATION AND PRELIMINARY EVALUATION DATA

3. SITE DATA

3.1 COUNTRY OF CHARACTERIZATION AND PRELIMINARY EVALUATION

3.2 SITE (RESEARCH INSTITUTE)

3.3 NAME OF PERSON IN CHARGE OF CHARACTERIZATION

3.4 SOWING DATE

3.4.1 Day
3.4.2 Month
3.4.3 Year

3.5.1 Day
3.5.2 Month
3.5.3 Year

4.1 VEGETATIVE

4.1.1 Rosette period

Expressed as number of days from date of emergence

4.1.2 Location of branches on main axis

0 No branches
1 Predominantly basal
2 Predominantly on the upper third of the plant
3 Predominantly on the upper two-thirds of the plant
4 From base to apex

0 No branches
3 Appressed, 15° to 20°
5 Intermediate, 20° to 60°
7 Spreading, 60° to 90°
9 Drooping, >90°

3 Short
5 Intermediate
7 Long

1. Ovate
2 Oblong
3 Lanceolate
4 Linear

Fig. 1. Leaf shape

Ovate

Oblong

Lanceolate

Linear

4.1.6 Leaf margin

See Fig. 2

1 Entire
2 Serrate or dentate
3 Deeply serrate

Fig. 2. Leaf margin

Entire

Serrate or dentate

Deeply serrate

4.1.7 Leaf colour

1 Light green (yellowish tinge)
2 Dark green (bluish tinge)
3 Greyish
4 Other (specify in the NOTES descriptor, 11)

0 Non-spiny
3 Few spines
5 Intermediate
7 Many spines

0 Non-hairy
3 Few hairs
5 Intermediate
7 Many hairs

In mm at widest point

4.1.11 OIB length

In mm

4.1.12 OIB attitude

1 Close
2 Open

1 Incomplete
2 Complete

0 None
3 Few
5 Intermediate
7 Many

1 Tip only
2 Tip and few apical
3 Tip and few basal
4 Tip and all along margins
5 Margins only

Primary head shape before flowering (see Fig. 3)

1 Conical
2 Oval
3 Flattened

Fig. 3. Head (capitulum shape)

Conical

Oval

Flattened

4.1.17 Diameter of primary head

At maturity in mm measured at base 4.2 FLOWER AND FRUIT

4.2.1 Corolla colour in bloom

1 White
2 Pale yellow
3 Light yellow
4 Yellow
5 Light orange base
6 Yellow, base and tips of lobes orange
7 Red-orange
8 Pink
9 Purple
10 Other (specify in the NOTES descriptor, 11)

1 Grey-white
2 Pale yellow
3 Yellow
4 Light orange
5 Orange base
6 Orange
7 Deep red
8 Other (specify in the NOTES descriptor, 11)

Amount of pollen produced before bee activity in the morning or in the bagged heads

3 Sparse
5 Intermediate
7 Abundant

4.3.1 Seed colour

1 White
2 Cream
3 Brown
4 Black
5 Grey
6 Other (specify in the NOTES descriptor, 11)

0 Hull absent
1 Thin
2 Normal
3 Think
4 Other (specify in the NOTES descriptor, 11)

3 Small
5 Intermediate
7 Large

1 Oval
2 Conical
3 Crescent

Fig. 4. Seed shape

Oval

Conical

Crescent

4.3.5 Pappus

0 Absent
+ Present

FURTHER CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION

5. SITE DATA

5.1 COUNTRY OF FURTHER CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION

5.2 SITE (RESEARCH INSTITUTE)

5.3 NAME OF PERSON IN CHARGE OF EVALUATION

5.4 SOWING DATE

5.4.1 Day
5.4.2 Month
5.4.3 Year

5.5.1 Day
5.5.2 Month
5.5.3 Year

6.1 VEGETATIVE

6.1.1 Days to Emergence

Number of days from planting or first irrigation to 50% seedling emergence

6.1.2 Growth habit

1 Erect
2 Bushy

0 No branches
3 Short
5 Intermediate
7 Long

1 White
2 Green
3 Other (specify in the NOTES descriptor, 11)

1 fleshy
2 Normal
3 Leathery

1 Flat
2 Grooved

Flat

Grooved

6.1.7 Length of spines on OIB

0 No spines
3 Short
5 Intermediate
7 Long

0 No spines
1 Whitish
2 Yellowish
3 Greenish
4 Other (specify in the NOTES descriptor, 11)

Number of days to 75% of plants reaching physiological maturity from date of planting or first irrigation

6.1.10 Plant height

Mean (in cms) of 5 random plants from the middle of the plot

6.1.11 Head (capitulum) number

Per plant

6.1.12 Uniformity of maturation

1 Uniform
2 Varying

6.2.1 Days to 50% flowering

Number of days from planting or first irrigation to 50% of plants having first flower

6.2.2 Corolla colour at bud stage

1 White
2 Pale yellow
3 Light yellow
4 Yellow
5 Yellow, base and tips of lobes orange
6 Deep red
7 Pink
8 Purple
9 Other (specify in the NOTES descriptor, 11)

1 White
2 Yellow

6.3.1 Seed shattering at harvest

3 Low shattering
5 Intermediate
7 High shattering

Per primary head

6.3.3 Yield per plot

In g per m²

6.3.4 Yield per plant

Mean (in g) of 5 random plants from the middle of the plot

6.3.5 1000 seed weight

In g at 6% moisture content

6.3.6 Hull percentage

At 6% moisture content

6.3.7 Oil content

In percent

6.3.8 Iodine value of oil

6.3.9 Fatty acid pattern, % of

1 Palmitic
2 Stearic
3 Oleic
4 Linoleic
5 Other (specify in the NOTES descriptor, 11)

Of whole seed

6.3.11 Seed dormancy

1 Absent
2 Present

Scored on a scale 1-9 where:

3 Low susceptibility
5 Medium susceptibility
7 High susceptibility

7.2 HIGH TEMPERATURE

7.3 DROUGHT

7.4 HIGH SOIL MOISTURE

7.5 SALINITY

7.6 LODGING

8. PEST AND DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY

Scored on a scale 1-9, with pest or disease specified where:

3 Low susceptibility
5 Medium susceptibility
7 High susceptibility

9. ALLOENZYME COMPOSITION AND ZYMOTYPE

This may prove to be a useful tool for identifying duplicate accessions

10. CYTOLOGICAL CHARACTERS AND IDENTIFIED GENES

11. NOTES

Give additional information where descriptor state is noted as “Other” as, for example, in descriptors 2.10, 4.2.1, etc. Also include here any further relevant information.